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Ka Yee Meck

Language Learning vs Language Acquisition: What Parents Need to Know

Updated: Jul 20


Raising bilingual, trilingual, or even multilingual kids?


Today, let’s chat about an important concept that can make a big difference in your language journey: the difference between language learning and language acquisition. I'll also share lots of practical tips on how to nurture your child's linguistic ability by blending both approaches.


Let's dive in!




 

Language Learning vs. Language Acquisition


Have you ever wondered why children seem to pick up new languages so effortlessly while adults often struggle?


The key lies in understanding the difference between language acquisition and language learning. While these terms might seem interchangeable, they actually refer to distinct processes.


Language Acquisition


Language acquisition is a subconscious process that happens naturally, particularly in children. Think about how babies learn to speak. They aren't handed grammar books or given vocabulary tests. Instead, they absorb the language by listening to and interacting with the people around them.


This process is intuitive and happens without direct instruction. As linguist Stephen Krashen points out, language acquisition is the way we naturally develop the ability to understand and speak a language, much like how we acquire our first language (Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Pergamon Press.).


Language Learning


On the other hand, language learning is a more conscious process. It typically involves explicit instruction in the rules of a language, such as grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. This method is common in classroom settings where learners study a language through structured lessons and exercises.


Krashen contrasts this with language acquisition, suggesting that language learning involves a more formal approach where the focus is on learning about the language rather than using it naturally (Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Pergamon Press.).


For parents raising bilingual or multilingual children, understanding this distinction is crucial. Encouraging a natural environment for language acquisition can be highly effective.


This could mean speaking the target language at home, engaging in conversations, or exposing children to media in that language. Such an immersive approach helps children acquire the language in a way that feels natural and enjoyable.


Conversely, formal language learning can be beneficial too, especially for older children and adults. Structured lessons can help fill in the gaps and provide a deeper understanding of grammatical rules and vocabulary, complementing the natural acquisition process.


In essence, while language acquisition and language learning are different, they can complement each other beautifully. By combining both approaches, parents can provide a rich linguistic environment that supports their children's journey to becoming fluent in multiple languages.



 

What This Means for You and Your Child


Now, let's look at some practical ways we can incorporate both language acquisition and language learning into your daily life when raising bilingual/ trilingual /multilingual children!


1. Create Language Immersion at Home


Think of your home as a mini-language immersion camp. The goal is to make language acquisition feel as natural as possible.


- Chat It Up: Use the target language during daily routines. Talk about what you’re cooking, describe the weather, or even chat about that weird squirrel in the garden.


- Reading Time Read books in the target languages. Make it a cozy, fun time. Funny voices and dramatic pauses? Yes please! If you're just starting out, watch my video where I share my top book recommendations!





- Media: Play songs, cartoons, and shows in the target languages. Dance party in the living room? Why not!


2. Make Interactions Fun and Natural


Encourage your child to use their languages in playful and meaningful ways.


- Playdates with a Twist: Organise playdates with kids who speak the target language. Games, crafts, or even just running around can turn into awesome language practice.


- Everyday Activities: Turn shopping trips, cooking sessions, and walks in the park into language-learning adventures. Describe what you see and do – it's like a live-action language class.


3. Blend Learning with Fun


While natural acquisition is the "holy grail" for many multilingual families, a bit of structured learning can also be extremely powerful, especially as your child gets older and you shift your focus to reading and writing.


- Language Classes: Consider enrolling your child in a fun language class. Look for ones that are interactive and engaging.


- Practice Time: Set aside some time for playful practice sessions. Think of it like a game – how many new words can you learn this week?





4. Patience is Key


Every child learns at their own pace, so keep the journey stress-free and enjoyable.


- Celebrate Small Wins: Did your child just say their first word in the new language? Throw a mini-celebration! Remember: small victories are huge milestones, and language acquisition is a lifelong journey made up of a million everyday wins and milestones!


- Keep It Light: Avoid pressuring your child to perform. If learning feels like a fun game, they'll be more excited to join in.


5. Engage All the Senses


Make learning a multi-sensory experience to keep things exciting.


- Visual Fun: Use picture books, flashcards, and colourful visuals to reinforce new words and concepts.


- Hands-On Activities: Get creative with crafts, cooking, and drawing – all while chatting in the target language. Watch my video where I share lots of fun and free activities that foster effortless language acquisition!




6. Stay Consistent


Consistency is your best friend on this journey.


- Aim to speak to your child in the target language MOST OF THE TIME: the more consistently you do this, the greater your chance of success! Read my blog post/ watch my video where I explain what worked for us and what DIDN'T work for us to make your own journey easier!




- Routine, routine, routine: Weave the languages into your daily routines. Regular, consistent practice helps language skills stick.



 


Wrapping It Up


By understanding the difference between language learning and language acquisition, you can make more informed choices about how to support your multilingual child. Remember, the key is creating a rich language environment, encouraging natural interactions, balancing learning with fun, being patient, engaging multiple senses, and staying consistent.


Raising multilingual children is an adventure worth taking. It opens up a world of cultural richness and understanding, and it’s incredibly rewarding. Keep the experience light, fun, and full of love, and your child will flourish in their language abilities!


At Multilingual Family Hub, we’re here to cheer you on every step of the way. Dive into our resources and join our vibrant community of parents dedicated to raising bilingual, trilingual, and multilingual superstars. Together, let’s make this journey an epic success!


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